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Objective To investigate the risk factors of reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS) in pre-eclampsia or eclampsia gravida. Methods This study was conducted in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University between January 2013 and March 2016. A total of 100 patients who had no severe neurological diseases and were diagnosed pre-eclampsia or eclampsia, and underwent brain MRI were collected retrospectively. They were divided into 2 groups according to the MRI results, the RPLS group (n=49) and the non-RPLS group (n=51). The medical history, clinical symptoms and the results of laboratory examination were analyzed by the logistic regression, in order to explore the risk factors.Results In single factor analysis, HELLP syndrome, pregnancy associated with other diseases, poor prenatal care, grade 3 hypertension, elevated systolic blood pressure or diastolic blood pressure, elevated WBC, aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), uric acid (UA) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), decreased platelet (PLT), headache, visual changes, seizures and conscious disturbance were more frequent in the RPLS group than those in the non-RPLS group (all P<0.05). According to the multivariate logistic regression analysis, the elevated WBC (OR=1.291, 95%CI:1.058-1.575, P=0.012), UA (OR=1.008,95%CI:1.001-1.016,P=0.032) and headache (OR=18.260, 95%CI:3.562- 93.607, P=0.000) were the independent risk factors.Conclusions Maternal history, clinical symptoms and some laboratory examinations might help in the early diagnosis of RPLS in pre-eclampsia or eclampsia gravida. Headache, the elevation of WBC and UA were the most significant factors.
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Objective To investigate clinical and radiological characteristics of reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndromes(RPLS) in preeclampsia/eclampsia and to summarize prognosis of patients and fetus in order to provide the basis for early diagnosis and early treatment.Methods Clinical and radiological characteristics, and treatments and outcomes of 33 pregnant women with RPLS in preeclampsia/eclampsia were analyzed retrospectively.All patients were treated in Guangzhou Medical Center for Critical Pregnant Women during January 2013 and July 2015.Results Clinical symptoms :23 of 33 patients were with headache, 19 cases with visual changes, 15 with seizures, and 12 cases with conscious or mental disorder besides 3 cases with nausea and vomiting, and 4 cases with chest tightness and shortness of breath symptoms.Imaging features: 33 cases were all checked with radiological examination in acute period, which suggests edema of white matter.It involved the most common parts of occipital lobe(24 cases), 13 cases in the parietal lobe,9 cases in temporal lobe and basal ganglia,and 6 cases in frontal lobe.Moreover, the common parts involving the brain stem occurred in 4 cases, and 2 cases of cerebellum.Clinical outcomes: 33 cases of pregnant women in prenatal emergency termination of pregnancy include 31 cases of cesarean section, and 1 case of natural delivery.After active treatment, the prognosis was good, except 1 case complicated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) died, the rest were good.Fetal prognosis : stillbirths occurred in 8 cases, the rest were good.Conclusions The clinical presentations of RPLS in patients with eclampsia or preeclampsia are typical, including headache, epileptic seizures, visual changes, conscious, or mental disorder.The imaging features which involved the most common parts are occipital lobe and parietal lobe.The early diagnosis and timely intervention lead to a sound prognosis.
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Objective To observe the effect of sirolimus,an autophagy enhancer,on premature senescence in fibroblasts induced by repeated exposure to a subtoxic dose of ultraviolet B (UVB).Methods Skin fibroblasts from foreskin tissue of healthy adolescents were classified into six groups:control group cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagles' medium (DMEM) containing 1％ calf serum,UVB group receiving UVB irradiation only,sirolimus group treated with sirolimus of 10 mg/L (added after daily exchange of culture medium),and three combined groups receiving UVB irradiation immediately followed by overnight treatment with sirolimus of 0.1,1.0 and 10.0 mg/L respectively.UVB irradiation was given at a dose of 10 mJ/cm2 once a day for five successive days.After five days of treatment,cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to evaluate cell viability,β-galactosidase staining to detect senescent ceils,Western blot to quantify the expressions of p53,LC3-B and beclin 1 in these fibroblasts.Autophagy level was determined by acridine orange staining followed by fluorescence microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.Data were processed by the SPSS 16.0 software,and statistical analysis was done by one-way analysis of variance,t test and least significance difference.Results Sirolimus significantly increased the proliferative activity of fibroblasts in a dose-dependent manner,with the absorbance value at 450 nm being 0.27 ± 0.02,0.36 ± 0.04 and 0.39 ± 0.04 for fibroblasts irradiated with UVB followed by treatment with sirolimus of 0.1,1.0 and 10 mg/L respectively,compared to 0.26 + 0.01 for fibroblasts irradiated with UVB only (all P ＜ 0.05).Significant differences were also observed between the fibroblasts irradiated with UVB followed by treatment with sirolimus of 0.1,1.0 and 10 mg/L and those irradiated with UVB only in the percentage of β-galactosidasepositive fibroblasts (92.50％ ± 0.34％,42.40％ ± 0.53％ and 6.20％ ± 0.39％ vs.95.10％ ± 0.32％,all P ＜ 0.05)and intracellular intensity of acridine orange-induced fluorescence (36.43 ± 0.24,45.25 ± 0.33 and 48.69 ± 0.37 vs.33.99 ± 0.32,all P ＜ 0.05).Moreover,the expressions of p53,LC3-B and beclin 1 in the three combined groups differed significantly from those in the UVB group (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Sirolimus can inhibit UVBinduced premature senescence likely via upregulation of autophagy in fibroblasts.
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Objective To estimate the influence of palmitic acid (PA) on the proliferation of and production of inflammatory mediators by a human keratinocyte line HaCaT.Methods Cultured HaCaT cells were treated with PA of eight concentrations (0-200 μmol/L) for 3-24 hours followed by the evaluation of cell proliferation by using the cell counting kit-8.According to the proliferation assay,four concentrations (75,100,125,150 μmol/L) of PA were selected and used to treat HaCaT cells for 24 hours,then,fluorescence-based immunohistochemical staining was performed to observe the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB p65,enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to determine the level of interleukin (IL)-6 in the supernatant of culture medium,real-time PCR to detect the mRNA expressions of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor oα (PPARα) and IL-6,and Western blot to quantify the protein expressions of PPARα as well as total and nuclear NF-κB p65.Those HaCaT cells receiving no treatment served as the control group.Statistical analysis was carried out by one-factor analysis of variance using the GraphPad Prism 5.0 software.Results The HaCaT cells treated with PA of 50-175 μ mol/L showed accelerated proliferation compared with the control HaCaT cells (all P ＜ 0.05).PA from 75 to 150 μmol/L enhanced the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65,mRNA and protein expressions of PPARα,as well as the mRNA expression and supernatant level of IL-6 in a dose-dependent manner.The relative expression level of nuclear NF-κB p65 protein was 0.4536 ± 0.0173,0.5184 ± 0.0206,0.5333 ± 0.0231,0.6160 ± 0.0297,and the supernatant level of IL-6 was (31.5677 ± 0.2268),(32.3773 ± 0.4156),(32.9837 ± 0.0029) and (33.6890 ± 0.0936) ng/L,in HaCaT cells treated with PA of 75,100,125 and 150 μmol/L,respectively,compared to 0.3237 ± 0.0114 (all P ＜ 0.01) and (30.4577 ± 0.5131) ng/L (all P ＜ 0.01) in the control HaCaT cells,respectively.Conclusions PA can accelerate the proliferation of HaCaT cells,enhance NF-κB nuclear transfer,PPARα expression and IL-6 secretion in a dose-dependent manner within a certain concentration range,and may exert a promoting role in the activation and expression of some inflammatory factors.